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Course Outline: SQL Query Construction

(3 Days) with Hands-On Labs
    Learning Objectives

  • How to fine-tune your existing database structures
  • How to turn a normal question into a valid, sound SQL statement
  • How to use expressions and conditions effectively
  • How to filter your information
  • How to use JOINS and UNIONS effectively
  • How to use subqueries effectively
  • How to use basic aggregate functions
  • How to group data and filter it


This course description should be used to determine whether the course is appropriate for you based on your current skill and technical training needs. Technical information is provided on the intended audience, course prerequisites, and covered topics. Course content, prices, and availability are subject to change without notice.


Course Audience

This course is designed for both exerts and novices alike. Both will benefit from the concepts imparted here.

Course Description

Queries are the most important aspect of SQL that you will ever learn. This is how you retrieve information from your database. You must understand how to create sound SQL statements so that you can use them effectively in Stored Procedures, programming code (such as Visual Basic), and web scripting languages (such as VB Script).

Course Objectives

At course completion the student will be able to perform the following tasks:


  • How to fine-tune your existing database structures
  • How to turn a normal question into a valid, sound SQL statement
  • How to use expressions and conditions effectively
  • How to filter your information
  • How to use JOINS and UNIONS effectively
  • How to use subqueries effectively
  • How to use basic aggregate functions
  • How to group data and filter it
Prerequisites

Knowledge of general database concepts.

TOPICS COVERED IN LECTURE & LAB

What Is Relational

  • Types of Databases
  • A Brief History of the Relational Model
  • Anatomy of a Relational Database
  • What’s in it for Me
Ensuring Your Database Structure Is Sound

  • Fine-Tuning Fields
  • Fine-Tuning Tables
  • Establishing Solid Relationships
Creating A Simple Query

  • The Select Statement
  • A Quick Aside – Data vs. Information
  • Translating Your Request Into SQL
  • Eliminating Duplicate Rows
  • Sorting Information
Getting More Than Simple Columns

  • The SELECT Clause – Take Two
  • Moving Beyond Basic Information
  • Types of Expressions
  • Using Expressions in a SELECT Clause
  • That “Nothing” Value — Null
Filtering Your Data

  • Refining What You See Using WHERE
  • Defining Search Conditions
  • Using Multiple Conditions
  • Nulls Revisited – A Cautionary Note
  • Expressing Conditions in Different Ways
Thinking In Sets

  • Operations On Sets
  • Intersection
  • Difference
  • UNION
  • SQL Set Operations
INNER JOINs

  • The INNER JOIN
  • Syntax – Using Tables
  • Syntax – Embedding a SELECT Statement
  • Syntax – Embedding JOINs Within JOINs
  • Uses for INNER JOINs
OUTER JOINs

  • What is an OUTER JOIN?
  • Syntax – Using Tables
  • Syntax – Embedding a SELECT Statement
  • Syntax – Embedding JOINs Within JOINs
  • The FULL OUTER JOIN
  • Uses for OUTER JOINs
UNIONS

  • What is a UNION
  • Writing Requests with UNION
  • Using UNION More than Once
  • Sorting a UNION
  • Uses for UNION
Subqueries

  • What Is a Subquery
  • Subqueries as Column Expressions
  • Subqueries as Filters
  • Special Predicate Keywords for Subqueries
  • Uses for Subqueries
Simple Totals

  • Aggregate Functions
  • Using Aggregate Functions in Filters
Grouping Data

  • Why Group Data
  • The GROUP BY Clause
  • Using GROUP BY in Creative Ways
  • Some Restrictions Apply
  • Uses for GROUP BY
Filtering Grouped Data

  • A New Meaning to “Focus Groups”
  • When You Filter Makes a Difference
  • Uses for HAVING
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